Resumen
Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar, distribuyendo 200 pollitos Cobb 500, con aspecto saludable, de un día de edad y peso promedio de 37.34 ± 0.44 g; en cinco grupos con cuatro réplicas de diez polluelos cada una. Durante los 42 días del experimento, las aves recibieron manejo zootécnico tradicional que incluyó dieta comercial isoproteíca (20 % proteína cruda) e isocalórica (3100 kilocaloría (kcal)/kilogramo (kg)). El día 15, la parvada recibió un programa de restricción alimenticia (PRA) según los tratamientos (T) = T0 = consumo ad libitum de alimento concentrado (AC) durante 24 horas (h), T1 = eliminación del AC durante 12 h (20:00-8:00), T2 = supresión de AC por 14 h (18:00-8:00), T3 = 16 h sin acceso a AC (16:00-8:00) y T4 = privación de AC durante 18 h (14:00 y 8:00). Después del día 30, las aves retomaron el libre consumo de AC. Se consideró la ganancia total de peso (GTP), la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), el consumo de alimento (CA), el factor de conversión alimenticia (FCA), el rendimiento en canal (RC) y la mortalidad (M) como variables respuesta. El análisis estadístico reveló que el PRA no tuvo efecto significativo (p > 0.05) sobre los indicadores productivos evaluados en T0, T1, T2 y T3; sin embargo, el CA fue significativamente menor (p < 0.05) en T3 y T4 comparado con los demás tratamientos. Además, solamente el T4 mostró un FCA menor (p < 0.05) en comparación con los demás tratamientos. Se concluye que un PRA de 18 h durante los días 15 al 30 de edad, favorece los criterios de sostenibilidad al no impactar negativamente en la productividad de las avesReferencias
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Palabras clave
eficiencia alimenticia
pollos de engorde
restricción alimenticia
sostenibilidad