Resumen
<p>Se determinó la eficacia comparativa de diferentes regímenes quimioterapéuticos en el tratamiento de la infección clínica natural con la Peste de los pequeños rumiantes (PPR) en cabras enanas de África occidental (WAD). Se usaron veinte cabras WAD machos, distribuidos en cinco grupos, de cuatro cabras cada uno. El Grupo 1 fue el grupo de terapia combinada, tratado con Aciclovir, Oxitetraciclina e Ivermectina, El Grupo 2 fue tratado con Aciclovir solamente. El Grupo 3 fue tratado con Ivermectina solamente. El Grupo 4 fue tratado con Oxitetraciclina solamente y el Grupo 5 no recibió tratamiento. Se observaron signos clínicos como secreciones nasales y oculares, emaciación, anorexia, pirexia, lesiones orales ulcerativas, dificultad respiratoria y diarrea en estas cabras durante su periodo de aclimatación. La lesión post-mórtem más notable que se observó fueron las manchas descontinuas de congestión (como las rayas de la cebra) en la mucosa del colon y del recto. Los parámetros fisiológicos (temperatura, frecuencia del pulso, ritmo cardiaco y frecuencia respiratoria) se midieron diariamente. Se observó que había un aumento significativo en la temperatura por encima de lo normal en el grupo sin tratamiento, lo que sugirió pirexia. También se observó que el grupo de terapia combinada mostró una cifra de mortalidad menor y, por ende, allí hubo una mejor eficacia en comparación con los otros agentes quimioterapéuticos usados solos</p>Referencias
Dhar P, Sreenivasa BP, Barrett T, Corteyn M, Singh RP, Bandyopadhyay SK. Recent epidemiology of Peste des petitsruminants virus (PPRV). Vet Microbiol. 2002;88(2):153-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00102-5
Ugochukwu ICI, Ezeasor CK, Agina OA, Anyogu DC, Chukwudi IC, Idoko SI, Ugochukwu EI. Peste des petits ruminants: aetiology, pathology, immunology, disease status in Africa, diagnosis, control, prevention and treatment: a review. Not Sci Biol. 2019a;11(1):12-20. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb11110355
Shamaki D, Olaleye OD, Obi TU, Diallo A, Majiyagbe KA, Lombin LH, Barrett T. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Nigeria; serological and molecular epidemiology. Vom J of Vet Sci. 2004;1(1):8-23
Ozkul A, Akca Alkan F, Barrett T, Karaoglu T, Dagalp SB, Anderson J, Yesilbag K, Cokcaliskan C, Gencay A, Burgu I. Prevalence, distribution, and host range of Peste des petits ruminants virus, Turkey. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8(7):708-12. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0807.010471
Abubakar M, Irfan M. An overview of treatment options to combat Peste des petits ruminants in endemic situations. Res J Vet Pract. 2014;2(15):4-7. https://doi.org/10.14737/journal.rjvp/2014/2.1s.4.7
Ugochukwu ICI, Ugochukwu EI, Chukwu CC. Haematological parameters and serum biochemical assay of West African dwarf goats infected with Peste des petits ruminants virus in Nsukka, Enugu State. Comp Clin Pathol. 2018;27(1):13-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-017-2545-9
Ugochukwu ICI, Idoko SI, Omeke JN, Aneke CI, Sani NA, Emejuo NT, Ikem CF, Ugochukwu EI. The clinicopathological evaluations of the efficacy of incorporation of amantadine hydrochloride in the treatment of West African Dwarf Goats experimentally infected with Peste des petits ruminants virus. Not Sci Biol. 2019b;11(4):379-86. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb11410526
Barrett T, Pronab D, Sreenivasa BP, Corteyn M. Recent epidemiology of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). Vet Microbiol. 1997;88:125-30.
Kerur N, Jhala MK, Joshi CG. Genetic characterisation of Indian Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) by phylogenetic analysis of fusion protein and nucleoprotein gene segments. Res Vet Sci. 2008;85:176-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.07.007
Berguido FJ, Bodjo SC, Loitsch A, Diallo A. Specific detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in sheep and goat sera by the luciferase immunoprecipitation system. J Virol Met. 2016;227:40-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.10.008
Ezeibe MCO, Okoroafor ON, Ngene AA, Eze JI, Eze IC, Ugonabo JAC. Persistent detection of Peste des petits ruminants antigen in the faeces of recovered goats. Trop Anim Hlth Prod. 2008;40:517-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-008-9128-3
Balamurugan V, Hemadri D, Gajendragad MR, Singh RK, Rahman H. Diagnosis and control of Peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review. Virus Dis. 2014;25(1):39-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-013-0188-2
Perry BD, Randolph TF, McDermott JJ, Sones KR, Thornton PK. Investing in animal health research to alleviate poverty. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI; 2002.
Asim M, Rashid A, Chaudhary AH, Noor NS. Production of homologous live attenuated cell culture vaccine for the control of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants. Pak Vet J. 2009;29(2):72-4.
Ogunsanmi AO, Awe EO, Obi TU, Taiwo VO. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus antibodies in African Grey Duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia). Afr J of Biomedl Res. 2003;6(1):59-61. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajbr.v6i1.54025
Libeau G, Diallo A, Parida S. Evolutionary genetics underlying the spread of peste des Petits ruminants virus. Anim Front. 2014;4:14-20. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2014-0003
Stephenson I, Wiselka M. Drug treatment of tropical parasitic infections: recent achievements and developments. Drug. 2000;60(5):985-95. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200060050-00002
Şevik M, Sait A. Genetic characterization of peste des petitsruminants virus, Turkey, 2009-2013. Res Vet Sci. 2015;101:187-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.05.005
Diallo A. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus. Int J of Anim Sci. 2003;15(2):171-73.
Luka PD, Erume J, Mwiine FN, Ayebazibwe C. Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants antibodies in sheep and goats after vaccination in Karamoja, Uganda: implication on control. Int J Anim Vet Adv. 2011;3(1):18-22.
A, Saravanan P, Balamurugan V, Rajak KK, Sudhakar SB, Bhanuprakash V, Parida S, Singh RK. Vaccines against Peste des petits ruminants virus. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2010;9(7):785-96. https://doi.org/10.1586/erv.10.74
Chakrabarti A. Textbook of clinical veterinary medicine. 3rd Ed. New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers; 2006.
Saliki JT, Libeau G, House JA, Charles A, Mebus CA, Dubovi EJ. Monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for specific detection and titration of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus antibody in caprine and ovine sera. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31(5):1075-82. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.31.5.1075-1082.1993
Munir M, Abubakar M, Zohari S, Berg M. Serodiagnosis of Peste des petits ruminants virus. In: Al-Moslih M, editor. Serological diagnosis of certain human, animal and plant diseases, Vol. 1. Croatia: InTech Publishers; 2012. p. 37-58. https://doi.org/10.5772/36464
Kitching RP. The economic significance and control of small ruminant viruses in North Africa and West Asia. In: Thomson EF, Thomson FS, editors. Increasing small ruminant productivity in semi-arid areas. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1988. p. 225-236. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1317-2_19
Jaisree S, Hemalatha S, Muthuramalingam T, Manimaran K, Mahaprabhu R, Tensingh Gnanaraj P, Kumanan K, Roy P. Investigation on outbreak of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in an organized farm among Tellicherry breed of goats. Int J of Livest Res. 2017;7(1):100-6. https://doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20170104095534
FAO. Recognising Peste des petits ruminants. A field manual. EMPRES (Livestock) Animal Health Service FAO Animal Production and Health Division. Rome, Italy: 1999.
Wolhsein P, Saliki J. Rinderpest and Peste des petits ruminants-the diseases: clinical signs and pathology. In: Barrett T, Pastoret PP, Taylor WP. editors. Rinderpest and Peste des Petits ruminants: virus plagues of large and small ruminants. Elsevier; 2006. p. 68-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012088385-1/50034-4
Islam MS, Khan MSI, Kader HA, Begum MR, Asgar MA. Prevalence of PPR of goat and their response to antibiotic treatment at Mirzaganj Upazila of Patuakhali Distrtict. J Envirom Sci Nat Res. 2012;5(2):181-4. https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14811
Ugochukwu ICI, Ugochukwu, EI, Chukwu CC. Therapeutic response of West African Dwarf goats infected with Peste des petits ruminants whose oral lesions were treated with oxytetracycline long acting and gentian violet topical spray. Asian Paci J Trop Dis. 2017;7(12):771-4. https://doi.org/10.12980/apjtd.7.2017D7-234
Blood DC, Radostits, OM, Gay CC. Veterinary medicine. 8th ed. UK: Balliere Tindall; 1995.
Das KK, Shil NK, Islam MR. Sero-epidemiological investigation on Peste des Petits ruminants in black Bengal goats. Bangl J Microbiol. 2007;(2):143-5. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i2.1260
Gupta SD, Biswas PK, Habib S, Debnath NC. Prevalence of PPR in the greater Chittagong district of Bangladesh. Int J Sust Agri Techno. 2007;3(2):36-41.
Jackson PGG, Cockcroft PD. Clinical examination of the respiratory system. In: Jackson PGG, Cockcroft PD, editors. Clinical examination of farm animals. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd.; 2002. p. 320-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470752425
Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Veterinary medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007.
Lefevre PC, Diallo A. Peste des petits ruminants. Revue Scientific et Technique. 1990;(9):951-65. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.9.4.532
Naznin M, Ahaduzzaman M, Chowdhury S, Biswas PK. Prevalence and clinico-pathological parameters of PPR infected goats and their response to antibiotic treatment at Panchlaish, Chittagong. BanglInt J Nat Sci. 2014;4(2):1-7. https://doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v4i2.28597
Crump A, Omura S. Ivermectin, ‘Wonder drug’ from Japan: the human use perspective. Proceedings of Japan Academy Series B Physical and Biological Sciences. 2011;87(2):13-28. https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.87.13
Nawathe DR. The control of peste des petits ruminants in Nigeria. Prev Vet Med. 1984;(2):147-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(84)90058-8
Bupasha ZB, Hossain F, Sarker MS, Ahaduzzaman M, Biswas PK. Variability in prevalence and therapeutic effectiveness in PPR affected goats of Thakurgoan, Bangladesh. AVAS. 2015;2(1):15-9.
Palabras clave
Aciclovir
Oxitetraciclina
Ivermectina
mortalidad