Análisis e interpretación de factores pronósticos en gatos con carcinoma de células escamosas en un centro oncológico de Bogotá
Este estudio se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de recopilar factores pronósticos y evaluar parámetros clínicos y paraclínicos en felinos diagnosticados con carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) durante un periodo de dos años (2020-2022). El CCE es el tumor cutáneo maligno más común en gatos y se considera de origen multifactorial, siendo la exposición a radiación ultravioleta (UV), la raza y el hábitat del gato los principales factores de riesgo. Se incluyó el análisis de variables relacionadas con los exámenes de laboratorio (hemograma y bioquímica sanguínea), así como la localización y el tipo de lesiones, con el fin de evaluar su impacto en la supervivencia. En cuanto a los resultados, se observó una mayor incidencia de leucocitosis (p = 0,0127) y neutrofilia (p = 0,0070), mientras que la trombocitosis fue más prevalente en la población afectada (n = 37). Las lesiones más predominantes fueron las costras (n = 52) y las úlceras (n = 63), especialmente en el plano nasal (p = 0,0185). Además, se utilizó la Escala Grimace Felina (Feline Grimace Scale - FGS) para medir el dolor, y se encontró que los gatos con puntuaciones superiores a 4 unidades de acción presentaron una correlación significativa con el pronóstico de la enfermedad (p = 0,0024). Los hallazgos sugieren que la combinación de factores hematológicos, la localización de las lesiones y la presencia de dolor pueden ser determinantes en el pronóstico y la supervivencia de los felinos afectados por CCE.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Nicolás Camargo Puentes, César Augusto Díaz Rojas, Laura Montejo Botero, Frank Harry Suárez Sánchez (Autor/a)
