Análisis retrospectivo de neoplasias frecuentes en golden retrievers y su asociación con variables registradas en historias clínicas de un centro oncológico de Bogotá, Colombia
En la clínica veterinaria Oncovet (Bogotá, Colombia), se detectó un aumento de consultas oncológicas en los Golden Retriever, lo que generó varios interrogantes porque hasta el momento no se conoce la asociación específica entre esta raza, los tumores y los posibles factores de riesgo en Colombia. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo y descriptivo en Oncovet, tomando datos de 147 historias clínicas de caninos Golden Retriever entre enero de 2020 y diciembre de 2022. Después de identificar los tumores más frecuentes en la población, se analizó la asociación con las variables incluidas en las historias clínicas con un análisis univariado; además, se realizaron pruebas de Chi cuadrado y prueba exacta de Fisher, con un nivel de significancia de (p< 0,05), para identificar las variables asociadas con la presentación de los tumores más comunes. Los carcinomas fueron los tumores más frecuentes en machos, (59% vs 41% en hembras), gerontes, esterilizados y ubicados en piel. De acuerdo con la edad en los gerontes y los adultos, los tumores más frecuentes fueron los carcinomas y los linfomas, mientras que en los cachorros fueron los histiocitomas, con 45% de los casos, seguidos de papilomas y carcinomas, cada uno con 18%. Se necesitan estudios que aborden las relaciones causales de los diferentes factores de riesgo y los mecanismos bioquímicos involucrados. Con base en los datos obtenidos sugerimos que el tamizaje debería empezar a hacerse entre los cinco y seis años, en ambos sexos, con el fin de lograr un diagnóstico precoz.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Juan Sebastián Mayorga Murcia, Rubén Darío Torres Moncada, Geovanny Mendoza-Sánchez, Frank Harry Suarez Sánchez, Adriana Pedraza (Autor/a)
